Archaeology Wordsmith

Results for Baden:

Baden: SYNONYMS OR RELATED TERMS: Baden-Pécel; Ossarn or Pecel culture; Channeled Ware or Radial-decorated pottery culture
CATEGORY: culture
DEFINITION: A third millennium Copper Age culture over much of central Europe (the Carpathian basin: northern Yugoslavia, all of Hungary, most of Czechoslovakia, southern Poland, and parts of Austria and Germany). Ancient Baden was occupied by Celts and then by Germanic peoples and was conquered by Rome in the 1st century AD. It was a successor to the Lengyel culture. They produced metal tools including ax-hammers and torcs of twisted copper wire. The pottery was plain and dark, but some have channeled decoration and handles of Ansa Lunata type. The horse was domesticated and carts mounted on four solid disk-wheels were used. Baden had contacts with the Early Bronze Age cultures of the Aegean. It was named for the town of Baden, near Vienna. A radiocarbon chronology has divided the Baden culture into three phases: Early (2750-2450 BC), Classic (2600-2250 BC), and Late (2400-2200 BC). The most complete sequences are in Hungary and Czechoslovakia. Baden was remarkable at the time because it had a highly dispersed settlement pattern and a central cemetery pattern.
Alsónémedi: CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: A large cremation cemetery 30 km south of Budapest, Hungary, of the Bronze Age Nagrév group. It is near a large inhumation cemetery of the Late Copper Age's Baden culture.
Bubanj: SYNONYMS OR RELATED TERMS: Bubanj-Hum
CATEGORY: culture
DEFINITION: A Late Neolithic culture of late 4th to early 3rd millennia BC in the Morava valley of eastern Yugoslavia, close to Nis. The site, on a gravel terrace of a river, was first excavated in the 1950s and the culture is derived from the Vinca and closely related to Salcuta in Romania. The main periods recognized include the early Neolithic Starcevo with graphite painted ware and Vinca-like dark burnished ware; a phase of Baden pottery; and an Early Bronze Age occupation.
Budakalász: CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: A Baden culture cemetery near Budapest, Hungary, where a very early four-wheeled wagon was found in a grave.
Geissenklösterle: CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: A cave in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, with Middle Palaeolithic, Aurignacian (36,000-34,000 bp), Gravettian (23,000 bp), Magdalenian, and Mesolithic material. The Aurignacian levels have ivory figurines and an ivory bas-relief of a human.
Heuneburg, The: CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: An Early Iron Age fortified site and hillfort of the Hallstatt period on the upper Danube in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The site was the center of the dominant Celtic chiefdom in southwest Germany c 600-500 BC. Wine amphorae and Attic Black-Figure pottery were imported from the Greek city of Massalia, demonstrating Heuneburg's wealth. There are nearby princely burials of the same date, including the rich Hohmichele tumulus. This covered a timber mortuary house containing the body of an archer accompanied by a wooden wagon and precious offerings. The site has five main building phases, the most remarkable of which was the second, when the traditional timber-framed construction was replaced by a Greek type of construction, with a bastioned wall built of mud-brick on stone foundations.
Hochdorf: CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: An Iron Age tumulus in Baden-Würtetemberg, Germany, from the 6th century BC (late Hallstatt). One burial chamber had very rich grave goods, including Mediterranean materials, a Greek bronze cauldron, gold-covered shoes, and bronze couch.
Hohlenstein-Stadel: CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: A cave in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, with occupation during the Mousterian, Aurignacian (with an ivory anthropomorphic statuette of 31,750 bp), Magdalenian (14th millennium bp), and Mesolithic.
Jevisovice: CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: Late Neolithic site in Moravia of the Funnel Beaker and Baden cultures used as a guide to the Late Neolithic and Eneolithic of the Carpathian Basin.
Kostolac: CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: Eneolithic site in the Carpathian basin of Serbia and name of a culture considered a variant of the Baden culture.
Mainz: SYNONYMS OR RELATED TERMS: Roman Mogontiacum
CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: An imperial Roman legion base and settlement in west-central Germany, a port on the left bank of the Rhine opposite Wiesbaden and the mouth of the Main River. It was the site of a Celtic settlement where the Romans established (14-9 BC) the military camp, known as Mogontiacum (Moguntiacum) after the Celtic god Mogo. A fort was built of timber, then renewed in stone somewhere between 50-100 AD. Between the fort and the river grew up a civilian settlement with a port, which, under Domitan, was to become capital of Germania Superior (Upper Germany). Surviving remains include a great column of the god Jupiter with reliefs of 28 deities, evidence for a Flavian aqueduct, portions of late Roman wall, and some civil and military cemeteries.
Michelsberg: CATEGORY: culture
DEFINITION: A Middle Neolithic culture of Belgium, northeastern France, the Rhineland and parts of Switzerland from c 4500-4000 BC. It occupies a frontier zone on the borders of the Danubian culture, TRB culture, and western Neolithic complex, and shares traits with all three. The type site is a hilltop enclosure in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. There are many regional subgroups. The Belgian one has leaf-shaped arrowheads, antler combs, flint mines, and enclosures similar in construction to causewayed camps, and may have had links with the Windmill Hill culture of Britain. In the Rhineland and Low Countries, the culture was closely related to Funnel-Necked Beaker Culture and a succession to the Röessen Culture. Pottery forms include pointed- and round-based vessels with flaring rims and flat pottery disks (plats à pain) which were probably lids. One of innovations was use of deep mines for flint (Spiennes in Belgium, Rijckholt in Netherlands) where axes were made. Contacts by the Michelsberg with late Mesolithic hunter-gatherers north of the loess zone gave rise to semiagricultural communities, as evidenced by relics from about 4000 BC found in the Netherlands delta at Swifterbant in Flevoland and Hazendonkborn and Bergschenhoekborn in Zuid-Holland.
Pécel: CATEGORY: culture
DEFINITION: A Late Eneolithic (Copper Age) culture, a regional variant of the Baden group (southwestern Hungary), in southeast and central Europe in the 3rd millennium BC. Although some settlement sites are known, the majority of Pécel sites are cemeteries with cremation and inhumation burial.
Petersfels: CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: A cave site in Baden, southern Germany, with Upper Palaeolithic occupation and rich Magdalenian occupation with jet artifacts, harpoon heads, burins, awls, backed bladelets, and decorated batons-de-commandement.
Reichenau: CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: Small island in the Untersee, the western arm of Lake Constance (Bodensee) in Baden-Württemberg Land (state), southwestern Germany, known for the Benedictine monastery founded there in 724 and secularized in 1803. It was an important Carolingian and Ottonian period monastery. Reichenau was the artistic and literary center of southwestern Germany during the 9th-11th centuries
Rivnac culture: CATEGORY: culture
DEFINITION: Eneolithic culture of Bohemia (now Czech Republic) with small ditched and palisaded sites (Homolka) of the late 3rd millennium BC. The culture is related to the Baden culture to the southeast.
Salcuta: CATEGORY: culture; site
DEFINITION: A Late Neolithic culture and site of southwestern Romania c 3500-2500 BC. It derives from the Vinca culture, with further influence from the Aegean. By its end, copper was coming into use. There are four main occupation phases in the tell stratigraphy. The pottery is typically a dark burnished wares, contemporaneous to the Gumelnita and other Balkan cultures, and crusted painted wares. The Late Copper Age levels are characterized by unpainted pottery with 'Furstenstich' decoration and with affinities to Cotofeni and Baden pottery.
Vucedol: SYNONYMS OR RELATED TERMS: Vucedol group
CATEGORY: site; culture
DEFINITION: Late Neolithic tell settlement that is the type site of a Slavonian culture, located by the Drava River in northern Croatia and Slovenia. It is characterized by its pottery, excised and filled with white paste. Some copper was also being worked. The material is related to that from the Ljubljansko Blat and the Eastern Alps and is closely related to the Hungarian Zok culture. It succeeded the Baden culture and the Kostolac group.
Zlota: CATEGORY: site
DEFINITION: Settlement and cemetery site of the Neolithic-Copper Age in southern Poland and a culture of the same name. The dead, laid in a contracted position on stone pavements in simple graves, were accompanied by pots whose shape and cord ornament suggest links with the globular amphora and corded ware cultures. Upturned handles of Ansa Lunata-type suggest contact with the Baden culture. Other funerary offerings included stone battle-axes, copper beads, amber ornaments, and V-perforated plaques. The community lived by farming and the exploitation of nearby flint mines.

Another Dictionary Search